How to Use Narcan Spray

Whether you’re someone in recovery, a regular at clubs and concerts, or a good Samaritan wanting to help, knowing how to use Narcan spray is a vital skill that can save lives. Naloxone (generic for Narcan) can help reverse the effects of an opioid overdose. For those who are more visual, see the video below for a step-by-step guide on Narcan directions. After the video, there is vital information about Narcan naloxone nasal spray, including a FAQ section that answers many myths and questions. 

What Is Narcan?

Narcan is a brand name for naloxone, a medication specifically designed to reverse the effects of opioid overdose. Opioids, which include prescription pain relievers like oxycodone and illicit drugs like heroin, can depress the respiratory system, leading to life-threatening situations. Narcan acts quickly to counteract these effects, making it a critical tool in the fight against the opioid crisis.

How Does Narcan Work?

When administered, a Narcan reversal dose works by binding to the same receptors in the brain that opioids target. What does Narcan do to the body? It effectively displaces the opioids from these receptors, reversing the overdose symptoms. This includes restoring normal breathing and consciousness. The rapid onset of Narcan’s effects—often within minutes—makes it an essential first-aid measure in overdose situations. 

While Narcan is not a substitute for medical treatment, it provides a crucial window of opportunity for individuals to receive further care.

What Forms of Narcan Are Available?

Narcan is available in several forms, including intranasal spray, intramuscular injection, and auto-injectors. The intranasal spray is the most user-friendly option, requiring no needles or special training to administer. This form is particularly beneficial in emergencies where time is of the essence. The injectable forms are also effective but may require more training and comfort with needles. Additionally, some may worry about the price of Narcan or how to get Narcan—many organizations within communities distribute free Narcan spray, particularly in the tri-state area (New York, Connecticut, and New Jersey).

How to Use Narcan Spray

Using Narcan spray is straightforward, making it accessible for anyone to learn. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to use it effectively.

Recognize the Signs of an Overdose

Before administering Narcan, it’s crucial to identify an opioid overdose. Common signs include

• Unresponsiveness or inability to wake the person
• Shallow or slowed breathing
• Blue or purple lips and fingertips
• Snoring or gurgling sounds

Call for Help

Even if you have Narcan on hand, always call emergency services (911 in the U.S.) immediately. Time is of the essence during an overdose, and professional medical assistance is critical. If a child appears to be exhibiting these symptoms, know beforehand what the Narcan pediatric dose is, and administer it immediately.

How to Administer Narcan

1. Remove the Narcan from the packaging: The spray comes in a box with a blister pack. Open it carefully.
2. Position the person: Lay the individual on their back on a flat surface. This position helps ensure that they can breathe more easily.
3. Administer the spray:
   1. Hold the Narcan spray with your thumb on the bottom and your index and middle fingers on either side of the nozzle.
   2. Place the nozzle in one of the person’s nostrils.
   3. Press the plunger firmly to release the spray. One spray is typically sufficient, but if there is no response after two to three minutes, administer a second spray in the other nostril.
4. Monitor the person: After administering Narcan, continue to monitor the individual’s breathing and responsiveness. If they do not respond after the second dose, be prepared to perform CPR if necessary.
5. Call emergency services: Narcan would reverse the effects of opioids, but only temporarily. A person who has overdosed still needs further emergency medical care. If in the U.S., call 911 immediately after administration.

What to Do After Narcan Is Administered

After using Narcan, there are several important steps to follow:

• Stay with the person: Remain with the individual until emergency services arrive. Your presence can provide reassurance and support.
• Be prepared for withdrawal symptoms: If the person was using opioids, they might experience withdrawal symptoms once Narcan takes effect. These symptoms can include agitation, nausea, and body aches. While uncomfortable, they are not life-threatening.
• Provide information to emergency responders: When help arrives, inform them that Narcan has been administered and provide as much information as possible about the situation, including what substances were possibly involved and how much time has passed since the overdose.
• Follow up with support: If the individual is a friend or loved one, following up with them after the incident is essential. Encourage them to seek help or counseling for substance abuse. Recovery is a journey; having a support system can make all the difference.
• Consider getting trained: While naloxone is designed to be easy to use, consider attending a training session on how to recognize and respond to overdoses. Many organizations offer free training, and being prepared can empower you to act confidently in emergencies.

Narcan FAQs

There are many questions surrounding the use of Narcan, its safety, its efficacy, and in which situations it should be used. Below are some answers to general questions about naloxone (Narcan) use.

Can you overdose on Narcan?

No, you cannot overdose on Narcan. It is an opioid antagonist, which means it blocks the effects of opioids without producing a high. However, if you are not experiencing an opioid overdose, administering naloxone will not have any harmful effects.

Can Narcan be abused?

Narcan itself cannot be abused since it does not produce euphoric effects. Its purpose is solely to save lives in the event of an overdose.

Can you use Narcan on yourself?

While it’s possible to administer Narcan to yourself, it’s often more effective if someone else can do it for you. If you’re in a situation where you might overdose, having someone trained in administration nearby is ideal.

How often can you administer Narcan?

Narcan can be administered every two to three minutes if there is no response. However, if you are unsure if an overdose has occurred, it’s best to call emergency services immediately.

Can Narcan kill you?

No, Narcan cannot kill you. It is a safe medication designed to counteract the effects of opioids, making it an essential tool in overdose situations.

What to do with expired Narcan?

Expired Narcan should be disposed of properly. Many pharmacies or community programs offer take-back programs for expired medications. However, administering expired Narcan spray for an OD may be effective, so if it is all you have on hand, it’s advisable to still administer it.

Do you prime Narcan nasal spray?

Yes, you must prime the Narcan nasal spray before use. This involves spraying it into the air once to ensure accurate dosage.

Does Narcan freeze?

Yes, Narcan can freeze. It’s important to store it at room temperature and avoid exposing it to extreme temperatures.

Can you Narcan a dog?

While Narcan is primarily designed for humans, naloxone can be used on dogs in cases of opioid overdose. However, consult a veterinarian for guidance.

How long does Narcan take to work?

Narcan typically begins to work within two to three minutes after administration, but its effects may vary based on the individual and the substance involved.

Can you be allergic to Narcan?

Allergic reactions are rare, but they can occur. If you experience symptoms like rash or difficulty breathing after administration, seek medical help immediately.

What does Narcan do if you’re not on drugs?

If administered to someone, not under the influence of opioids, Narcan will have no effect. It is specifically targeted to reverse opioid overdoses.

Is there a contraindication for Narcan?

There are no significant contraindications for using Narcan, making it safe for use in emergencies.

Can Narcan be used for fentanyl?

Yes, Narcan is effective against increasingly common fentanyl overdoses.

Does Narcan work for Xanax?

Narcan specifically reverses opioid overdoses. It will not work on benzodiazepines like Xanax.

Can Narcan work for cocaine overdose?

No, Narcan can only be used for opiate overdoses.

Does Narcan work on Molly (Ecstasy/MDMA)?

No.

Does Narcan work on Percocet?

Yes, Narcan would reverse the effects of an opioid overdose, including Percocet (oxycodone).

Does Narcan work for Tramadol?

As Tramadol is a mild opiate, Narcan will reverse the effect of an overdose if too much Tramadol is ingested. However, combining Tramadol with Narcan can negate the effects of the medication if there is no overdose.

Does Narcan work for weed (THC)?

No.

Does Narcan work for meth?

No.

Does Narcan work for kratom?

Yes. More research is needed, but because kratom binds to opiate receptors, those who have experienced kratom overdoses have responded to Narcan treatment. 

Can Narcan be used for heart attacks?

No, Narcan is not effective for heart attacks. It is specifically designed for opioid overdoses.

Questions About Storing and Buying Narcan

Can you buy Narcan over the counter?

Yes, Narcan is available over the counter in many states, making it accessible for those who may need it.

Does insurance cover Narcan?

Many insurance plans cover Narcan, but it’s best to check with your provider for specific details.

Can I bring Narcan on a plane?

Yes, you can bring Narcan on a plane, but it’s advisable to keep it in its original packaging and inform security personnel if necessary.

How to get Narcan in New York?

In New York, Narcan can be obtained at pharmacies without a prescription. Many community organizations also distribute it for free. (Note: Connecticut and New Jersey also offer naloxone over the counter. Prices may vary, and often it is handed out freely).

Can you keep Narcan in your car?

Yes, you can keep Narcan in your car, but ensure it is stored at room temperature and out of direct sunlight.

Knowing how to use Narcan spray and having it on hand can save a life. Knowledge is power, and in the case of naloxone, it can be life-saving.